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GCSE OCR BIOLOGY THE CHALLENGES OF SIZE IN PLANTS Complete Revision Summary

THE CHALLENGES OF SIZE IN PLANTS

ORGANISATION IN PLANTS

CELLS

TISSUES

• Xylém and Phloem
• Palisade mesophyll tissue
• Spongy mesophyll tissue

ORGANS – Root, Stem and Leaves

ORGAN SYSTEM – Water Transport System

ORGANISM

TRANSPIRATION

• Transpiration is the loss of water from the surface of the leaves in the forms of water vapours.
• In plants it takes place through the stomata.

FACTORS AFFECTING TRANSPIRATION

MEASURING RATE OF TRANSPIRATION

• Potometer is the device which is used to measure the rate of water uptake or the rate of transpiration.
• The movement of bubble is an indicator of water movement which in turn shows the rate of transpiration

THE CHALLENGES OF SIZE IN PLANTS

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ADAPTATIONS TO LIMIT TRANSPIRATION

• Cuticle layer on the leaf which is waterproof prevent rate of transpiration
• Stomata are present on the lower surface to reduce rate of transpiration.
• Some plants stomata open is night and closes in day.
• In plants like cactus the leaves are reduced to spines to decreases the surface area for water loss.
• Some plants have sunken stomata.

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References:

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